S3(d), Appendix A), four classes of copper alloys are discerned in the dataset, i. C93200 Bearing Bronze / High Leaded Tin Bronze has excellent machining properties, good hardness, strength and wear resistance with excellent anti-friction qualities. The basic properties of copper alloys are largely influenced by the properties of copper itself. The C19210 (F) alloy presents a low resistance in comparison with the other copper alloys used. Copper is reddish colored and takes a bright metallic luster. This technique involves using a brazing filler metal to join two pieces of copper or copper alloys together. 4-m) yacht, Miss Revere, on which sheets 0. B872-19 Standard Specification for Precipitation-Hardening Nickel Alloys Plate, Sheet, and Strip . To view each alloy group, simply click on the links below: Copper & High Copper Alloys. Copper is a ductile and malleable base metal that is valued for its high thermal and electrical conductivity. Gunmetals are copper alloys with tin, zinc, and lead. Copper - From Beginning to End. The best-known copper alloys are bronze and brass. It is found in ore deposits around the world. Electronic products Copper’s supreme electrical conductivity properties and abundance as a raw material make it the most efficient and cost-effective metal for electronic products. The other key properties exhibited by Copper and its alloys include: ~ Retention of mechanical and electrical properties at cryogenic temperatures. 1 summarizes schematically the sequence of layers formed on copper alloys after commissioning in seawater (9). It is easily mixed with other metals to form alloys such as bronze and brass. Environmental Protection Agency as the first solid antimicrobial material. Brass works as an alloy because copper and zinc are close to one another in the periodic table and have atoms of roughly similar size. CEN European Numbering System for copper and copper alloys, showing the preferred number ranges and letters allocated to the different material groups. It has 38% copper, 17. EPA as antimicrobial. 8 kWh of energy and emits only 0. It is also used for radiator cores, tanks, lamp fixtures. Flared fittings for use with flared copper tube for cold water applications with a maximum water pressure of 175 psig are manufactured to the requirements of ANSI/ASME B16. B425-19 Standard Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Molybdenum-Copper Alloys. Electrical Conductivity. Metals which have a designated minimum copper content of 99. This occurs when the surface of the metal is exposed to oxygen in an acidic environment. Material Groups. Copper alloys Electrical conductors and wire, electronic circuit boards, heat exchangers, boilers, cookware, coinage, sculptures Lead alloys Roof and wall cladding, solder, X-ray shielding, battery electrodes Magnesium alloys Automotive castings, wheels, general lightweight castings for transport, nuclear fuelAn alloy is a material made by melting one or more metals together with other elements. Copper Alloys. Copper and copper alloys are applied for a variety of purposes: as decorative finishes, to aid in electrical conduction, as a protective layer against fretting corrosion, and as an undercoat for other metal coatings (e. The standard length for red brass pipe is 12 feet. OF Copper (C101) OF copper is a 99. 5% silver to 7. 3. Two types of copper alloys, namely CuCrZr (produced by Outokumpu Oy) and GlidCop® CuAl25 IG0 produced by OM6 (formerly SCM Metals) were studied. In several clinical studies, copper has been evaluated for use on touch surfaces, such as door handles, bathroom fixtures, or bed. Cupronickels are copper-nickel alloys that contain typically from 60 to 90 percent of copper and nickel as the main alloying element. Copper-lead alloys containing about 30% lead are stronger but have less satisfactory surface properties and are usually used with a thin lead-tin overlay. The high strength copper alloys used in this work are Cu-Co-Be alloy (C17500), Cu-Ni-Si alloy and Cu-Ni-Sn alloy (C72950) respectively, as listed in Table 1. The copper-zinc brasses consist of a series of alloys of copper up to about 40% Zinc. 1 INCH COPPER HALF BALLS - HEMISPHERE-110 ALLOY (25 PACK) $34. 9 kg/dm 3) and is 8. Metals which have a designated minimum copper content of 99. Sometimes called cupronickels, there exists a range of different copper-nickel alloys possessing different properties and useful in a range of different applications. 1/8″ – 9″ diameter. To determine the capacitance, we invoke the definition (Section 5. S. Basic modern brass is usually 67% copper and 33% zinc, but the compositions of the elements may vary (55% to 95% for copper and 5% to 45% for zinc). Copper and its alloys represent 6 - 9% by weight (or approximately 50 - 55 lb, 23-25 kg) of the content of a typical automobile. 1 ). Foundries supply castings. Pure copper and copper alloys are easy to solder and braze, allowing them to cleanly join with other metals. It offers 100% IACS minimum conductivity, making it popular for electrical applications and those necessitating low resistance levels. The high-copper alloy class therefore comprises alloys that do not belong to one of the other copper alloy classes. 1) or "native" metals (such as native copper) that are not commonly concentrated in the Earth's crust, or "noble" metals (not usually forming compounds) such as gold (Figure 12. Industrial Metals. S. % Cu) completely annihilated E. Copper is used as a conductor of heat and electricity as a building material. These other alloys are types with higher silver. Thermal Conductivity Btu/ sq ft/ ft hr/ °F at 68°F. The most popular form of pure copper is the standard electrical wire grade of copper (C11000) contains 99. Thick copper-covered steel wires exhibited a highly favorable tradeoff between the strength and electric conductivity as compared with the beryllium copper alloys. C18200 Chromium copper alloy is a versatile material with a broad range of applications. Covers production, consolidation, strengthening, copper in iron and steel P/M parts, and non-structural applications. Copper is soft but tough. The EPA studies show that on copper alloy surfaces, greater than 99. length and up to 3 in. Forms: 2-20 Ingot. Only a few metals have a success story similar to that of copper and its alloys. 4989. Copper can shape alloys with a wider variety of alloying elements than other metals, resulting in the alloys. Nickel-chromium alloys are prized for their high corrosion resistance, high-temperature strength, and high electrical resistance. alloys (2% copper, iron, nickel): used in aircraft pistons; Hydronalium (up to 12% magnesium, 1% manganese): used in shipbuilding, resists seawater corrosion;The long-term, steady-state corrosion rate for copper and copper alloys, except for Muntz metal, is on the order of 1 mpy (0. Additional information is available upon request. 6% aluminium,. The oral bioaccessibility of copper alloys and pure metals was assessed using in vitro methods with synthetic saliva and gastric fluid. Lancaster, in Metallurgy of Welding (Sixth Edition), 1999 10. 3: Copper-Base Alloy - C28000 (Muntz. Copper Alloys. (CDA) is the market development, engineering and information services arm of the copper industry, chartered to enhance and expand markets for copper and its alloys in North America. Base metals are more common and more readily extracted than precious metals, which include gold, silver, platinum, and palladium. Commonly used copper alloys are divided into three categories: brass, bronze, and cupronickel. They have high resistance against corrosion. Sipi Copper Alloys offers a one-stop-shopping for master alloys and pure metals needed in these applications, including the technical expertise to select the right additives to meet the customer’s precise objectives. copper in the range of 0. Brazing takes place above 840 degrees F but below the melting point of the base metal. It is used for plumbing fixtures, musical. If more complicated bends are required or lightly hammering or shaping will be performed, H00-H01 (1/8-1/4 hard) will be the best option. Yield Strength. J. Section snippets Alloy design framework. For example, beryllium copper attains any copper-based alloy’s greatest strength (1,400 MPa). NARloy-Z (Cu-3 wt. 6-2% Be. MetalTek specializes in bronze alloys and does not typically cast purely brass alloys. Copper alloys There is a large number of copper alloys, with zinc (brass) and tin (bronze) being the most common. Only a few metals have a success story similar to that of copper and its alloys. 0005% oxygen content. This Standard includes: (a) pressure-temperature ratingsPublisher Summary. The ultimate tensile strength can exceed 200 ksi, while the hardness approaches Rockwell C45. 4% Cu, 1. Fig. 5Ag (wt-%) alloy, by adding Zr to a ratio of Cu–3Ag–0. Main alloying elements in CuCrZr alloy were 0. The first material to solidify is almost pure copper, as the dendrites continue to solidify they become a mixture of copper and zinc. Beryllium Copper Master Alloy. The basic properties of copper alloys are largely influenced by the properties of copper itself. Korea ASEM Corporation Ltd, 109 Jeda-dong, 26-8, 1 Gil, Seungsam, Gyeong-ju Korea Telephone: +82 010 3650 2744. Brass (copper-zinc alloys) Brasses are copper alloys with 5-45 % zinc. 52Chi: P. In 303 alloy, the chromium content is reduced to 17%, and 1% of the alloy is sulfur. Serves as a master alloy to add chrome to various copper alloys. The ores must be processed to extract the metals of interest from the waste rock. Group II alloys alloys that have an intermediate fr eezing range, that is, a freezing range of 50 to 110 °C between the liquidus and the solidus curves. 5% Mg, and 0. Copper Fact 5. Brass, a mix of copper that contains between 5% and 45% zinc, was first used about 2,500 years ago. Roll forming. Alloying can increase or reduce the strength, hardness, electrical and thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, or change the color of a metal. Moreover, as presented in thisThis is a list of named alloys grouped alphabetically by base metal. This is a list of copper alloys or alloys in which copper is usually the base metal. Copper Alloys. The thermal conductivity of copper is very high falling in between silver and gold. Satin or matte finishes can be achieved through controlled scratching, satin directional finishing with scrubbing pads, aluminum oxide discs, silicon. Iron containing alloys require annealing temperature at higher end of the range. So if you are going to earn £3 per kilo of scrap. As oxygen molecules react with the metal, they form oxides that cause pits on the surface of the metal. Copper (Cu) and its alloys are prospective materials in fighting covid-19 virus and several microbial pandemics, due to its excellent antiviral as well as antimicrobial properties. 4. More than 2,800 artifacts have been recovered from the site, including a ship's bell with a date of 1498, an important copper-alloy disc marked with the royal coat of arms of Portugal and the "esfera armilar"(armillary sphere) - a personal emblem of King Manuel I, and an extremely rare silver coin known as the "INDIO", first minted in 1499 by. Non-ferrous metals. Copper alloys are metal alloys that have copper as their principal component. , Ni–Cr) on steel and zinc-based castings. It should be noted that these figures represent total mill product and not finished product weight. It is a form of bronze with a higher tin content, usually in approximately a 4:1 ratio of copper to tin (typically, 78% copper, 22% tin by mass). 1 12. If the amount of chlorides decreases. With the aim of obtaining copper alloys with favorable mechanical properties (high strength and high ductility) for various engineering applications, the microstructural characteristics of two conventional copper alloys — an aluminum bronze (AlBC; Cu–Al 9. EPA as antimicrobial. Brass is typically applied more widely. 5. 21. Because of the addition of the sulfur, 303 alloy has improved machinability compared to 304 alloy. The two most familiar alloys of copper are bronze and brass. Copper and copper alloys are rendered brittle and sensitive to hot cracking if excessive amounts of low-melting impurities, notably bismuth and lead, are present. For the as-fabricated C-18150 AM parts, horizontal and angled. 5 Zr (wt-%) and vacuum melting and vacuum centrifugally casting [Citation 16]. In 2011, the corrosion and biofouling performance of 11 copper alloys produced by several manufacturers in the United States, Germany and Japan was evaluated in a 12-month. 40The mechanical properties of copper-nickel alloys show a combination of good tensile strength and excellent ductility when annealed. 5 and 1. , 9 Paxton Court, RedwoodPark, South Australia, 5097 Telephone: +61 (0) 437 707 043. Figure 1. Bell metal is a hard alloy used for making bells and related instruments, such as cymbals. 5 and 1. This alloy is known as cartridge brass. Powder Type. Dmitry Sergeev. Within these headings, the alloys are also grouped alphabetically. The metal is an essential trace. These property models are needed to simulate the mechanical behavior of structures with copper components. G. The focus of this work was to investigate. 20. Copper Alloys Australia Pty Ltd. 8 –Ni 2 –Mn 0. 110, 101, and 145 alloy grade copper types are provided. Copper Alloys. Copper alloys are metal alloys that have copper as their principal component. 2 Fracture Toughness 673 4. Copper alloy strip used for connector components is often supplied with a tin coating. Brazing takes place above 840 degrees F but below the melting point of the base metal. Placentia, CA Distributor* $1 - 4. Over the following decade, the International Copper Research Association (INCRA - now the. Higher tensile strength and hardness can only be obtained when the alloys are cold worked. Brasses & Bronzes. 6 Pipe/Tube 2 REFERENCES A hollow wrought product of uniform cross- The Indian Standards listed in Annex A are section with only one enclosed void along its necessary adjuncts to this standard. bronzes, nickel bronze, ma nganese bronze alloys, chromium copper, and copper. Updated on August 21, 2020. C10100 and C10200. In fact, copper is used for these purposes more often than any other metal. Columbia Metals stocks copper nickel alloys – generally known as cupronickels – and high copper alloys, which are those that usually contain more than 95% copper with only a small addition of elements such as nickel, silicon. Simply put, cast brass has too large of a grain structure and lacks. Brasses are copper zinc alloys containing up to about 45% zinc, with possibly small additions of lead for machinability, and tin for strength. e. impure copper, binary tin-bronze, brass and quaternary alloys. UNS C18150 chromium copper alloys have high strength and wear resistance at elevated temperatures. In this research, we choose a beryllium-copper alloy to make the LPF for its outstanding properties of elasticity, fatigue resistance and fracture strength [32]. Metals which have a designated minimum copper content of 99. Introduction. Copper Alloys. When there is more silver than copper, 92. 2 INCH COPPER HALF BALLS - HEMISPHERE- 110 ALLOY (25 PACK). Brass is an alloy made primarily of copper and zinc. Laboratory testing shows that, when cleaned regularly, EPA-registered antimicrobial copper alloy surfaces kill greater than 99. where Q + is the charge on the positively-charged conductor and V is the potential measured from the negative conductor to the positive conductor. (CDA) is the market development, engineering and information services arm of the copper industry, chartered to enhance and expand markets for copper and its alloys in North America. whole length and with a uniform wall thickness. The as-received copper alloys were processed by solution treatment, water quenching, cold-drawing and ageing treatment successively. , National Bureau of Standards, for the. Interstitial alloys. For ETP copper properties, this alloy is extremely versatile and is the most commonly used copper alloy. 2. 2 μm. The most conductive of our metals, it excels in all types of electrical applications. 05 mpy (0. Updated on January 30, 2020. Basic modern brass is 67% copper and 33% zinc. Some alloys are listed under more than one element, since the composition of the alloy may vary such that one element is present in a higher concentration than the others. Fig. The choice of these current alloys is related to the studies. 3. Copper alloys like bronze, brass and cupronickel combine many qualities to form new metals. A useful test for such embrittlement is a hot bend test conducted at 600 °C, the. More than 2,800 artifacts have been recovered from the site, including a ship's bell with a date of 1498, an important copper-alloy disc marked with the royal coat of arms of Portugal and the "esfera armilar"(armillary sphere) - a personal emblem of King Manuel I, and an extremely rare silver coin known as the "INDIO", first minted in 1499 by. Cast alloys are numbered from C80000 through C99999. Example Alloys . Figure 2. These fittings shall be produced to meet the general requirements of ASTM B 62, Alloy C83600 or the chemical and. Copper alloys vary widely in their resistance to velocity, with C95500 being the most resistant of the cast alloys, C72200 the most resistant. 2. Brass is made of copper combined with zinc and bronze is an alloy made of copper combined with other elements, historically tin. 0 mpy (0. Bronze is an alloy of tin and copper and brass is an alloy of. ; High Strength Copper Nickel – Optimisation of Mechanical Strength and Marine Corrosion Resistance for Use in Naval Architecture and. The addition of copper to gold is how red gold or rose gold is made. The temper will determine just how malleable the copper sheet will be. It contains 18% chromium and 8% nickel. 2). 1 Tensile Properties 671 4. The wrought high strength alloys contain 1. Coppers in the 100 series are called pure coppers. 1. Note that the temperature (noted ∆T) is the difference between the ambient laboratory air temperature (equal to 22°C) and theCopper Alloys Search - Basic. low density combined with strength, high melting-point, resistance to oxidation, and a high modulus of elasticity), beryllium. 6 to 2. ) OF copper is produced by casting electrolytically refined copper in a controlled, i. This grave contains c. This Standard includes: (a) pressure-temperature ratings Publisher Summary. 05-0. Hort, and B. depending on alloy type, water chemistry, contaminants, oxygen content, pH value, microbial activity, temperature, flow rate, duration of exposure etc. Incipient Melting °F. The most common copper alloy used in food processing plants is C18200 chromium-copper, which contains 18% chromium and 2% copper. 5 gives temperature changes concerning this copper alloy for cylindrical contact for one indentation test. Brass: 3-45% Zn by weight, it's used in musical instruments, valves, and hardware. Copper Titanium. The connector designer will approach each new assignment with information on a. 4989. Alpha–beta aluminum bronzes are heat treatable. Aluminum Bronzes. Copper alloys are generally very malleable, with most being able to be rolled or. Brass is typically applied more widely. They have good elastic properties combined with good resistance to corrosion and corrosion fatigue. 05 mpy (0. Copper features exceptional electrical and Thermal Conductivity Thermal conductivity (λ with the unit W/(m•K)) describes the. In both media, migrations are higher for lead than for other metals. , N. 2) it can also be used on. From: Encyclopedia of Materials: Science and Technology, 2001. Select the alloy (s) and one or more properties you would like to see displayed. copper. Thus, 95% of the energy and 95% of the environmental emissions are. 3% or higher. Initially used for gun making, this type of brass is also used for hydraulic and steam castings, gears, and pipes. 1 For terminology related to copper and copper alloys, refer to Terminology B 846. High purity copper is a soft, malleable, and ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. Bronzes. 4. In addition, Fig. The antimicrobial activity of copper and copper alloys is now well established, and copper has recently been registered at the U. A List of Base Metals. 8 wt% Zr alloy as an example, it has been shown that an increased contribution of grain. Get the best deals on Industrial Metal & Alloy Spheres when you shop the largest online selection at eBay. 7 introduces another new DM: hydriding of titanium alloys. Manually operated copper alloy and stainless steel ball valves for potable water supply in buildings - Tests and requirements. Base metals are any nonferrous (they contain no iron) metals that are neither precious metals nor noble metals. Free shipping on many items | Browse your favorite brands. Figure 1. Toll Free: 800-57-HEYCO Tel: 610-926-4131. % Cr and 4 at. The single phase alloys have excellent ductility, and are often used in the cold worked condition for better strength. They were tested by the Cryogenics Div. 0. This was followed in 1968 by the construction of the Asperida. 12. Copper Alloys Search - Basic. The powdered metal is called an. Automotive, Telecommunications: Automotive Terminals, Spring Contacts ( 1. Good corrosion resistance. Oxygen-free copper alloys, are made by melting cathode copper in low hydrogen, reducing conditions, without the addition of a deoxidising agent. A Copper (Cu) Alloy containing Chromium (Cr) used for their high strength and corrosion resistance. How structure and properties of cast copper alloys depend on consumption and comparative data on. Zinc die casting alloys: >78% Zn by weight, it usually contains small amounts (less than a few. Copper Alloy Supplier Database is originally derived from CDA's Standards Handbook Part 5 - Sources and CABSA. $14. These alloys are available as ingot, strip, bar, tube and wire in various tempers. 001 mm/y). Bronze is another copper alloy, but with tin. Number range allocated to materials preferred by CEN. The main difference between alloy vs. Their uses include marine equipment and inorganic acid and alkali handling equipment. Brass is a copper alloy with zinc as the. 001 mm/y), within those velocities that each alloy can tolerate without damage to the protective corrosion product film. The initial brown-black appearance is attributed to semiconducting properties of cuprite (Cu 2 O) and fully attained at thickness 0. 025 mm/y) or less, and for the copper-nickel alloys on the order of 0. 1. Susceptibility to stress-corrosion cracking (SCC. 1) or "native" metals (such as native copper) that are not commonly concentrated in the Earth's crust, or "noble" metals (not. 05% Iron (Fe) and the remainder Zinc (Zn). The Copper Development Association Inc. These metals, including copper, aluminum, lead, and zinc, are employed in construction and industrial applications. 4. It is used in applications such as resistance welding electrodes, seam welding wheels, switch gears, cable. ] A list of components that may be fabricated out of Antimicrobial Copper Alloys - Group I is specified below. These alloys are divided into high-strength (typically containing 1. 20. F. Copper-lead alloys containing about 30% lead are stronger but have less satisfactory surface properties and are usually used with a thin lead-tin overlay. In fact, one of the major "ages" or stages of human history is named for a copper alloy,. The test materials (Table 1) included copper alloy mesh stock formed from a 65% copper - 35% zinc alloy (“CAM”), 97% bronze - 3% silicon welded wire mesh (“Bronze”), a stock sheet of 90% copper - 10% nickel (“Sheet”), an expanded mesh (“Mesh”) that was made from the same production run as the 90:10 Cu:Ni sheet, and conventional. Ductility. , non-oxidizing atmosphere. Copper - From Beginning to End. The lower the number, the larger the particle size within the solder powder. A series of copper alloys, such as Cu–Ni–Sn, Cu–Cr–Ag, and Cu–Ni–Al alloys [3,4,5], have been developed to meet the growing requirements. The addition of zinc gives the alloy a higher strength and ductility. 5. 2 The property requirements for the. Typical uses include bus bars or any electrical conductor, and it may be specified as a special copper magnet wire conductor. Copper and copper alloys retain a high degree of ductility and toughness at subzero temperatures. Alloy 25 is a versatile material that combines high strength with electrical and thermal conductivity considerably greater than other copper alloys. Available sizes are 1/8" to 12" diameters in both regular and extra strong wall thickness. Four processes to consider when joining. Copper and its relevant species, such as oxides and many alloys, have been recognised as potential antibacterial surfaces. Generally Al-brass heat exchangers are preferred subject to a FeSO 4. , 2015: 232 The density of copper (8. Moreover, as presented in this Corinthian bronze ( gold, silver) Cunife ( nickel, iron) Cupronickel ( nickel) CuAg ( silver) Cymbal alloys ( tin) Devarda's alloy ( aluminium, zinc) Hepatizon ( gold, silver) Manganin ( manganese, nickel) Melchior ( nickel ); high corrosion resistance, used in marine applications in condenser tubes. Metallurgy of Copper-Base Alloys. A wide variety of copper alloys are available for use in construction. Brown or black can be used as a base color for copper patina. Modulus Of Elasticity. A typical example is 60-40 yellow brass, designated as C85500. This alloy has excellent corrosion resistance and is highly resistant to attack by acids, alkalis, and bacteria. face-centered cubic (fcc) Copper is a chemical element; it has symbol Cu (from Latin: cuprum) and atomic number 29. Sn60Pb40 No Clean Solder Wire 4870–4877. However, the amount of copper may range from 55% to 95% by weight, with the amount of zinc varying from 5% to 45%. Material Description Beryllium alloys are the most common form of beryllium product, accounting for an estimated 75% of the total U. Copper-Zinc Alloys. Beryllium-copper (BeCu) alloys are the most commonly used beryllium products. It is also the oldest metal known to man and was first discovered and used about 10,000 years ago. The temper will determine just how malleable the copper sheet will be. Some alloying elements affect stress relaxation more than others. The CuCrZr alloy plate (40 mm thick) was in hot rolled condition. The as-cast structure of the low zinc brasses consists of alpha dendrites. The only other non-silvery metal on the periodic table is gold, which has a yellowish color. UK pound coins. Alloys can also form if the alloying. It is manufactured from alloy C23000 which is comprised of approximately 85% Copper (Cu) with no greater than 0. Wrought Copper Alloy Families § C100xx-C150xx Commercially Pure Cu § C151xx-C199xx Age Hardenable Cu (w/ Cd, Be, Cr, Fe) § C2xxxx Cu-Zn alloys – Brasses § C3xxxx Cu-Zn-Pb alloys – Leaded brasses § C4xxxx Cu-Zn-Sn alloys – Tin bronzes § C5xxxx Cu-Sn and Cu-Sn-Pb Phosphor bronze alloys § C6xxxx Cu-Al and Cu-Si Bronzes Microstructures of Copper and Copper Alloys. g. 13mm – 70mm A/F. Copper has been an essential material to man since pre-historic times. process; silver plating of beryllium copper alloys can be more expensive than other copper alloys. Commercial, high-purity copper and three representative copper alloys were selected for the study. Antimicrobial Copper Alloys - Group I are not approved for direct food contact or food packaging uses. What Is Copper Alloy? Copper alloy (copper alloy) is an alloy formed by adding one or more other elements to pure copper as the matrix. coinage. drawn ( seamless ) copper tubes for general engineering purposes. Alloying invariably decreases electrical. Production of Alloy Powders. There are approximately four dozen different wrought alloys that contain a minimum copper content of 99. The metal-specific migration rates from polished alloy surfaces are higher in gastric (pH 1. Bronze - Alloyed with Tin. As shown in Table 1, a variety of structural materials, including austenitic stainless steels, pipeline steels, iron-based alloys, nickel-based alloys Cr–Mo steels, aluminium alloys and copper alloys, have been considered as key technologies for the facilities of hydrogen energy facilities. Also, please take a look at the list of 19 copper alloy manufacturers and their company rankings. Bronze/Copper-tin. Broadly, there are 6 categories of copper alloys used extensively: Copper alloy tree published by European Copper Institute. 9% of the following bacteria within 2 hours of. It is a form of bronze with a higher tin content, usually in approximately a 4:1 ratio of copper to tin (typically, 78% copper, 22% tin by mass).